In the ensuing Battle of Gravelines the Spanish fleet was damaged and forced to abandon its rendezvous with Parma's army, who were blockaded in harbour by Dutch flyboats. While awaiting communications from the Duke of Parma's army the Armada was scattered by an English fire ship attack. ![]() After choosing not to attack the English fleet at Plymouth and failing to establish a temporary anchorage in the Solent, where one Spanish ship was captured by Francis Drake, the Armada anchored off Calais. The goal had been to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I of England and end her involvement in the Spanish Netherlands and her privateering in the Atlantic and Pacific.ĭespite detailed planning, matters went awry from the first. As Martin and Parker explain, "Philip II attempted to invade England, but his plans miscarried, partly because of his own mismanagement, and partly because the defensive efforts of the English and their Dutch allies prevailed." Much of the blame has been borne by its commander the Duke of Medina Sidonia. The Armada suffered a decisive defeat and accomplished nothing. , literally "Great and Most Fortunate Navy" or "Invincible Fleet") was the Spanish fleet that sailed against England in 1588. The Spanish Armada (Spanish language: Grande y Felicísima Armada or Armada Invencible
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